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103. The Scotti (Scottus, i.e. the Irish) in their own language
receive their name from their painted (pictus; cf.
the Picts) bodies, because they are marked by tattoos
of various figures made with iron pricks and black pigment.
6. Nationalities are distinguished by their costume
just as they differ in their languages. The Persians cover
their arms and legs with drawings17 and their heads with
a turban. The Alani are distinguished by their pointed
hats. The Scotti raise the hackles with their ugly dress,
as well as with their barking tongues. The Alemanni are
clothed in their woolen cloaks (sagum), the Indians in
linen. The Persians wear jewels, the Chinese wear silk,
and the Armenians wear quivers.
7. It is not simply in clothing but in physical appearance
also that some groups of people lay claim to features
peculiar to themselves as marks to distinguish them, so
that we see the curls (cirrus, perhaps “topknot”) of the
Germans, the mustaches and goatees of the Goths, the
tattoos of the Britons. The Jews circumcise the foreskin,
the Arabs pierce their ears, the Getae with their uncovered
heads are blond, the Albanians shine with their
white hair. TheMoors have bodies black as night, while
the skin of the Gauls is white.Without their horses, the
Alani are idle. Nor should we omit the Picts (Pictus),
whose name is taken from their bodies, because an artisan,
with the tiny point of a pin and the juice squeezed
froma native plant, tricks them outwith scars to serve as
identifying marks, and their nobility are distinguished
by their tattooed (pictus) limbs.
17 Isidore’s ultimate source here, Justinus, says that the Persians
wore robes (velamenta) over their arms and legs. As Rodr´ıguez-
Pantoja points out in his note ad loc. (ed. 1995), Isidore may have
written linamentis (“with linen cloth”) rather than lineamentis (“with
drawings, ?tattoos”), or the tradition that came to himmay have been
corrupt.
Quelle: The Etymologie of Isidore of Seville